Unit 1 Great scientists
I. Phrases
1. put forward | 提出 |
2. draw a conclusion | 得出结论 |
3. be/get under control be/get out of control | 在……控制下 失去控制，不能操纵 |
4. be absorbed in | 专心 |
5. be to blame blame sb. for sth. | 应该受责备（用主动形式表示被动） 因某事责备某人 |
6. in addition | 也，另外，此外 |
7. link...to... | 将…和…连接或联系起来 |
8. die of die from | 因…而死亡（内因） 因…而死亡（外因） |
9. lead to | 导致，通向 |
10. make sense | 有意义，说得通 |
11. apart from | 除…之外，此外 |
12. contribute to | 为…作贡献或捐款，导致，有助于 |
13. be enthusiastic about | 对…热情 |
14. be curious about | 对…好奇 |
15. cure sb. of illness | 治好某人…病 |
16. point of view | 态度，观点，看法 |
17. （be）strict with sb. | 对某人要求严格 |
II. Sentences
1. John Snow was a well-known doctor in London – so famous, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.
约翰·斯诺曾经是伦敦一位有名的医生――他的确太负盛名了，所以维多利亚女皇生孩子时都是他去照料，帮助她顺利分娩。
2. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
但当他一想到要帮助患病的普通老百姓，特殊是那些得了霍乱的患者时，他就感到很振奋。
3. Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.
人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。
4. He knew it would never be controlled until its cause was found.
他知道，在找到病源之前，疫情是无法控制的。
5. He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.
霍乱之所以能致人于死，当时有两种看法，斯诺对这两种推测都很感爱好。
6. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.
第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的。
7. He believed in the second theory but needed to prove he was correct.
他相信第二种说法，但是需要证实他是正确的。
8. It seemed that the water was to blame.
看来要归罪于饮用水了。
9. Immediately John Snow told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the water pump so it could not be used.
约翰·斯诺马上叫宽街上惊惶失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。
10. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.
只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其它行星的运动才能说得清楚。
11. But only his new theory could do that.
看是只有他的新理论才能作出解释。
12. Yet Copernicus’ theory is now the base on which all our ideas of the universe are built.
然而哥白尼的理论却是我们宇宙赖以建立的基础。
Unit 2 The United Kingdom
I. Phrases
1. consist of | 由……组成 |
2. divide…into… | 把……分成 |
3. at war (with…) | （与……）交战中 |
4. break away ( from… ) | 挣托（束缚）；脱离 |
5. educational / legal system | 教育 / 立法制度 |
6. have a good / bad influence on … | 对……有好/ 坏影响 |
7. take the place of | 代替 |
8. break down | (机器)破坏，损坏；（人）身体出毛病；（计划等）受挫，失败 |
9. make an error | 出错 |
10. leave out | 省去；遗漏；不考虑 |
11. puzzle over / about | 为…烦恼，困扰 |
12. debate sth. with sb. | 与某人讨论、争辩 |
13. at your convenience | 在你方便的时候 |
14. in / with relation to | （介）关于……；和……相关 |
15. under construction | 在建设中 |
II. Sentences:
1. There is no need to debate any more why different words are used to describe the four countries.
对于用来描述这四个国家的词语，现在已经没有争辩的必要了。
2. To their surprise, the three countries found themselves united peacefully instead of by war.
这三个国家惊异地发现他们是和平地而没有通过战争联合起来了。
3. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom worthwhile.
假如你想要使你的英国之旅不虚此行，你就必须把眼睛睁得大大的。
4. Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London .
由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想在伦敦参观的地点列了一张单子。
5. It looked splendid when first built.
刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌。
6. What interested her most was the longitude line.
她最感爱好的是那条经线。
7. Come and see me whenever it is convenient to you.
只要你方便，随时都可以来。
Unit 3 Life in the Future
I. Phrases
1. make a deep/strong impression on sb. impress sb. with sth.= impress sth. on sb. 2. take up speed up sweep up use up come up eat up sit up turn up | 给某人留下深刻印象 使人记住某事 拿起/占用/接受/开始/从事/继续/选修 加速 打扫 / 横扫 /擦过 用光 过来 吃光 熬夜 / 坐正 出现 / 开大(音/水量) | ||
3. remind sb. of sth. remind sb. to do sth. remind sb. that … | 使某人回想起某事 /提醒某人某事 提醒某人去做某事 提醒某人…… | ||
4. as a result (of…) | 结果 | ||
5. suffer from | 遭受 | ||
6. be similar to | 和…相似 | ||
7. keep doing sth. | 一直做某事 | ||
8. the six of us | 我们六人（共六人） | ||
9. by/ for /through ( the / a ) lack of… be lacking in lack for …(否定句) | 由于……的缺乏 缺乏(品质 /特点) 缺乏…… | ||
10. in no time | 很快,立即 | ||
11. on one’s feet | (从病痛或挫折中)复原 | ||
12. in all directions | 四面八方 | ||
13. Sb. lose / catch sight of …. Sb. / Sth. be in / out of sight at first sight at the sight of… | 看不见 / 看见 看得见 / 看不见 第一眼 一看见……就…… | ||
14. provided A with B | 向A提供B | ||
15. plenty of [u] / [c] | 许多 | ||
16. be previous to … | 早于…… | ||
17. compare A with B compare A to B | 把A与B作比较 把A比喻作B | ||
18. for health reasons | 出于健康原因 | ||
19. bend the rules | 变通,放宽 | ||
20. on earth | 究竟，到底 | ||
21. be under repair | 在维修中 | ||
22. search for … | 寻找 | ||
23. assist sb. in /with sth. = assist sb. in doing sth. = assist sb. to do sth. | 帮忙,协助某人去做某事 | ||
24. go soft | 变软 | ||
25. speak in whisper | 低声地说 | ||
26. be optimistic about … | 对……乐观 | ||
27. switch on / off the power | 开 /关电源 | ||
28.explain to sb. sth.= explain sth. to sb. | 向某人解释某事 | ||
29. give off | 发出（光/热等） | ||
30. get / be caught in … | 被困在……中 | ||
31. require sb. to do sth. =require that sb. (should ) do sth. Sth. require doing / to be done | 要求某人做某事
某物需要被 | ||
32. be supposed to do | 应该 | ||
33. be equipped with … | 装备有…… | ||
34. be essential for / to … | 对……是必要的 | ||
II. Sentences:
1. Think about how many changes there have been in the last one thousand years .
想想近一千年来有多少变化。
2. What problems do you think people in the future will have overcome?
你认为，未来的人将已克服了什么问题？
3.The air seemed thin as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.
空气似乎很稀薄，似乎在混合的气体中剩下的氧气很少。
4. Why not sit down and rest? = Why don’t you sit down and rest?
为什么不坐下休息呢？
5. What three visits would you ask to go on if you were Li Qiang ?
假如你是李强，你想去哪三个地方看看？
6. Neither of these creatures is easy to talk to . 这两种生物都不轻易与之交谈。
7. The dimpods have so many arms and legs that you can’t tell which is which.
“丁波兹”有这么多的臂和腿，以致你无法区分哪些是手臂哪些是腿。
8. Everyone will get twice as much personal space as in flats on land.
每个人都将得到陆上公寓两倍的个人空间。
Unit 4 Making the News
I. Phrases
1. be curious about 2.be to do 3.go out on a story | 对……感到好奇 必将 / 将要 / 应该 外出采访 |
4. on one’s own of one’s own | 独自，靠自己 自己的…… |
5. concentrate on | 集中精力于…… |
6. be of interest = be interesting | 有趣的 |
7. bring …with … 8. have a nose for… | 随身携带 对……非常敏感 |
9. depend on | 依靠 |
10. a trick of the trade | 职业诀窍 |
11. accuse sb. of sth.= charge sb. with sth. | 指控某人做某事 |
12. so as to do sth.(句中) | 为了…… |
13. be supposed to have done | 理应当 / 被认为做过某事 |
14. look forward to (doing) sth. | 盼望做某事 |
15. be eager to do sth. /for sth. | 渴望做……/…… |
16. get the wrong end of the stick | 完全搞错了 |
17. tell the whole truth | 说出全部真相 |
18. ahead of | 在……前头 |
19. set (out)to do/ set about doing | 着手做某事 |
20. pass… on to… 21. make an appointment with sb. | 把……传递给…… 与某人约会，预约 |
22. polish the style 23. be / get absorbed in 24. in turn 25. defend…against… 26. note down | 润色语言风格 专心于，集中精力于 依次，逐个地 为某人辩护 记下 |
27.cover sth. / interview sb. 28. do some research on… | 报道某事 / 采访某人 对……做调查 |
29. work on | 从事 |
30. last of all 31. on purpose / by accident 32. arrange an interview (with sb. ) 33. stick to 34. A rather than B 35. account for 36. through sb.’s analysis | 最后 故意地 / 偶然,意外地 安排采访 坚持 A而不是B 解释 通过某人的分析 |
II. Sentences:
1. （倒装）Never will ZY forget his first assignment at the office of China Daily.
周阳永不会忘记他在《中国日报》报社当记者的首次任务。
2．（倒装）Only when you have seen what he or she does, can you cover a story by
yourself.
3. ( There’s ) No need for a camera ! 没必要带相机。
4．（倒装）Not only am I interested in photography, but I took a course at university, so
it’s actually of special interest to me.
对摄影我不仅感爱好，在大学我还专修过摄影，因此，我的确对摄影特殊感爱好。
5．This is how the story goes. 事情是这样的。
6．Have you ever had a case where somebody accused your reporters of getting the wrong end of the stick?
你是否有这样的情况：有人控告你手下的记者的报道完全失实？
Unit 5 First aid
I.Phrases
1. give / offer / do first aid to sb perform / carry out first aid on sb. | 对某人实施急救 |
2. fall ill | 生病 |
3. get injured / infected / burned | 受伤 / 感染 / 烧伤 |
4. save one’s life | 拯救某人的生命 |
5. sense of touch | 触觉 |
6. electric shock | 触电；电休克 |
7. take off | 脱下；（飞机）起飞 |
8. squeeze out | 榨出；挤出 |
9. over and over again | 反复；多次 |
10. in place | 在适当的位置；适当 |
11. put one’s hands on | 找到 |
12. present sb. with sth. present sth. to sb. | 赠予/ 给予某人某物 |
13. a piece of jewellery | 一件珠宝 |
14. cause / do damage to…. | 使……受到危害/ 损害 |
15. a number of n. (pl. ) | 若干；许多 |
16. stick sth. to… | 贴在…….上 |
17. make a difference | 区别 |
II. Sentences:
1. Burns are called first degree, second degree or third degree burns depending on which layers of the skins are burnt.
根据皮肤烧伤的层次而有一度烧伤、二度烧伤和三度烧伤。
2. John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.
约翰正在房里学习，忽然听到一声尖叫。
3. She was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily
她躺在前花园的地上，流血不止。
4. There is no doubt that Jon’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.
毫无疑问，是灵敏的思维和在学校学到的急救技术，使得斯莱德女士的生命得救了。
5. It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference .
这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。
6. If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible.
假如烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，可能的话，就要把他们抬高到高于心脏的位置。